Filter Language, Transfer Functions, and Visual Responses

Interpret standardized RC, RL, and RLC filter schematics by identifying the input terminals, output terminals, reference polarity, and component across which the output is measured.

Distinguish the transfer function H(s) = Vₒ(s)/Vᵢ(s) from the frequency response H(jω), and evaluate H(jω) at a specified angular frequency.

Calculate the magnitude of a frequency response and express its gain in decibels.

Calculate the phase angle of a frequency response at a specified frequency.

Explain why a half-power cutoff corresponds to a magnitude ratio of 1/√2 or −3 dB.

Identify the passband, stopband, and cutoff frequency from a filter magnitude response.

Classify an ideal magnitude response as low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, or bandreject.

Draw fully labeled ideal magnitude-response diagrams for low-pass, high-pass, bandpass, and bandreject filters, including axes, units, passbands, stopbands, and cutoff frequencies.