Chemical Formulae, Equations, and the Mole

Construct balanced symbol equations with correct formulae and state symbols from written descriptions of reactions.

Convert between mass, amount in moles, relative formula mass, and number of particles using the Avogadro constant.

Determine empirical formulae from composition data and molecular formulae from empirical formulae and molar mass.

Use mole ratios from balanced equations to calculate reacting masses and identify a limiting reactant.