Biology — Cells and Biochemical Processes

Identify cell structures in light and electron micrographs and relate each structure to its function.

Calculate actual specimen size or image magnification from a scale bar or magnification formula.

Predict the net movement of substances across cell membranes by diffusion, osmosis, or active transport.

Use surface-area-to-volume ratio to predict the efficiency of exchange between a cell and its environment.

Predict how temperature, pH, or substrate concentration affects the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction.

Compare the cellular locations, inputs, outputs, and biological roles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.