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Tree
Module 1
The Tree Body: From Roots to Crown
1
Major External Tree Structures and Their Functions
Identify the major external structures of a nearby tree and explain the primary function of each.
Identify the major external structures of a nearby tree and explain the primary function of each.
2
Stem Cross-Section Tissues: Identification and Functions
Identify bark, phloem, vascular cambium, sapwood, heartwood, and pith in a stem cross-section and state each tissue's role.
Identify bark, phloem, vascular cambium, sapwood, heartwood, and pith in a stem cross-section and state each tissue's role.
3
How Root Structures Support Anchorage and Resource Uptake
Explain how root tips, root hairs, and branching roots support anchorage and resource uptake.
Explain how root tips, root hairs, and branching roots support anchorage and resource uptake.
Module 2
Leaves, Water, and Sugar
4
Leaf Structure, Photosynthesis, and Gas Exchange
Relate the internal structures of a tree leaf to photosynthesis and gas exchange.
Relate the internal structures of a tree leaf to photosynthesis and gas exchange.
5
Water and Mineral Transport from Soil to Leaves
Trace the movement of water and dissolved minerals from soil through xylem to the leaves.
Trace the movement of water and dissolved minerals from soil through xylem to the leaves.
6
Transpiration and Stomatal Regulation of Water Movement
Explain how transpiration drives water movement and how stomata regulate water loss.
Explain how transpiration drives water movement and how stomata regulate water loss.
7
Phloem Transport of Sugars from Sources to Sinks
Trace sugars from photosynthetic source tissues to growing or storage tissues through phloem.
Trace sugars from photosynthetic source tissues to growing or storage tissues through phloem.
Module 3
How Trees Grow Through Time
8
Primary and Secondary Growth in Plants
Distinguish primary growth at shoot and root tips from secondary growth in woody stems and roots.
Distinguish primary growth at shoot and root tips from secondary growth in woody stems and roots.
9
How Vascular Cambium Thickens Stems with New Xylem and Phloem
Explain how vascular cambium produces new xylem and phloem during stem thickening.
Explain how vascular cambium produces new xylem and phloem during stem thickening.
10
Inferring Tree Growth History from Twigs and Annual Rings
Use twig features or annual rings to infer a tree's recent growth history.
Use twig features or annual rings to infer a tree's recent growth history.
11
Seasonal Cues Regulating Bud Formation, Dormancy, Bud Burst, and Leaf Fall
Explain how seasonal cues regulate bud formation, dormancy, bud burst, and leaf fall.
Explain how seasonal cues regulate bud formation, dormancy, bud burst, and leaf fall.
Module 4
Flowers, Cones, Seeds, and New Trees
12
Reproductive Structures and Functions of Flowering Trees and Conifers
Identify the reproductive structures of flowering trees and conifers and state their functions.
Identify the reproductive structures of flowering trees and conifers and state their functions.
13
Pollination and Fertilization in Flowering Trees and Conifers
Compare pollination and fertilization in flowering trees and conifers.
Compare pollination and fertilization in flowering trees and conifers.
14
Inferring Seed Dispersal from Structural Features
Infer how a fruit, seed, or cone is dispersed from its observable structural features.
Infer how a fruit, seed, or cone is dispersed from its observable structural features.
15
Environmental Factors Influencing Tree Seed Germination and Early Growth
Explain how water, temperature, oxygen, and dormancy influence tree-seed germination and early seedling growth.
Explain how water, temperature, oxygen, and dormancy influence tree-seed germination and early seedling growth.